The Williams F1 team was virtually unbeatable in the early 1990s. Why? Because for them, there was a revolutionary technology: Active Suspension. Yet at same time, this innovation was a flashpoint for controversy and later ending on prohibition list.
Let’s take a closer look.
What Is Active Suspension?
Active suspension is a technology that uses sensors and actuators to continuously adjust the car’s suspension in real-time. This makes it easier for the car to keep a consistent ride height and also improves cornering grip, particularly during fast corners. (Ever tried taking a hairpin bend with your car so low on coils in front and high up at back that your nose scrapes the road?)
This gave teams in Formula 1 a massive aerodynamic advantage. The Williams FW14B (1992 and FW15C (1993) models used real-time controls to revolutionize the grid.
Williams’ Dominance
With active suspension, in 1992 the FW14B captured its Constructors’ Championship. The FW15C then took this to new heights of pure success and in 1993 won both driver and constructor championships. These cars were often seconds faster per lap than their rivals, thanks to massively increased stability and cornering speed.
Why It Was Banned
Safety Concerns
If the system broke down at high speeds, drivers could lose control instantly, a situation that posed serious safety risks.
Cost and Complexity
Active suspension was expensive to develop and required considerable maintenance. This meant even smaller teams couldn’t afford it, making the field unbalanced.
Technological Arms Race
The FIA didn’t want technology overshadowing driver skills. They saw active suspension as an “unfair” driver aid.
Aerodynamic Rules
The system worked as if it were a moving aerodynamic device, something that was not permitted under F1 regulations.
After the Ban
In 1994, FIA banned active suspension. Williams had to quickly re-design their FW16 to use passive suspension. The car became harder to handle and, with this transition putting serious pressure on the team, they faced many challenges.
